Rotational grazing
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学名：Juniperus rigida
柏科 Cupressaceae 刺柏属
别名：刺松
形态特征：常绿灌木或小乔木，高达10m。深根根系，主根长，侧根发达。树冠塔型或圆柱形。树皮褐灰色，纵裂。叶三叶轮生，条状刺形，质厚，坚硬，横切面成内凹的“V状”三角形。花为雌雄同株；雄球花椭圆状或近球状，药隔三角状宽卵形，先端尖，背面有纵脊。果实为球果，圆球形，成熟前紫褐色，熟时淡褐黑色或蓝黑色；种子近卵圆形，顶端尖，有4条不显著的棱角。授粉期5月，球果翌年10月成熟。
生态特性：生于较干燥的山地、砂质壤土。
适生区域：黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、山西、陕西、甘肃、宁夏等。
功能用途：水土保持林、用材林、四旁绿化。
繁育方式：种子、扦插。
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表 Give a few answers, and choose up to five
Improve vegetation biomass √ Reduce, prevent, and restore degraded land Improve or protect the soil √ Protect or restore ecosystems √ To maintain / enhance biodiversity √ Reduce the risk of disasters (e. g. drought, droughts, floods, sandstorms, etc.) Adaptation to climate change and its effects (e. g., enhanced resilience to drought and warming) Mitigating climate change and its impacts (e. g. increased carbon sink capacity) Generating economic benefits (e. g. increased income) √ Generating social benefits (e. g. reducing the consumption of natural resources and reducing poverty) Other uses (detailed description): ………………………………………………………………… 
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表
Main type of degradation Sub-type of degradation √ [W] Soil erosion by water [Wt] Loss of topsoil/surface erosion
[Wg] Gully erosion/gullying [E] Soil erosion by wind [C] Chemical soil deterioration √ [P] Physical soil deterioration [Pk] Slaking and crusting √ [B] Biological degradation [Bc] Reduction of vegetation cover
[Bq] Quantity/biomass decline [H] Water degradation Else
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Climatic province High altitude cold climate Specific annual precipitation /mm 422.4 Average annual precipitation /mm Average air temperature /℃ < 50 < -20 √ 50- 200 √ -20- 5 √ 200- 400 √ 5- 15 √ 400- 800 √ 15- 25 800- 1,500 25- 35 > 1,500 35- 45 > 45
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表 Country, county/flag, township, and give the longitude and latitude of the application location of the project
Country County/flag Township Longitude° Latitude° Elevation / m China Qumalai County 95.816325 34.137977 4550.0
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表 Terrain and landform conditions
Elevation Landform Mean inclination Aspect Slope < 100 m Flatland √ Flat slope (0-5%) Sunny slope Upper slope 100-500 m Slope Gentle slope (6-15%) Shady slope Mid slope 500-1,000 m Hilly slope Moderate slope (16-25%) Semi-sunny slope Lower slope 1,000-1,500 m Sloping ground Steep slope (26-35%) Semi-shady slope 1,500-2,000 m √ Valley floor 2,000-2,500 m Sand dune 2500-3,000 m Sandy flat √ > 3000 m Gentle cultivated land
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表 Edaphic condition
Soil type Soil texture Effective soil depth Topsoil organic matter content Soil hardness Stone content Aeolian soil Sandy 0-20 cm √ High (> 3%) √ High Low gravel content soil (1-5%) Chestnut Calcic soil Loamy sand √ 20-50 cm Medium (1-3%) Medium Moderate gravel content soil (5-10%) Brown Calcic soil √ Loam 50-100 cm Low (< 1%) Low High gravel content soil (10-30%) Luvisol √ Clay 100-200 cm √ Light gravel soil (30-50%) Saline-alkali soil > 200 cm Moderate gravel soil (50-70%) √ Else: Alpine Meadow Soil and Permafrost Heavy gravel soil (> 70%)
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表 Vegetation condition
Vegetation type Community cover Degradation status Artificial forest: () < 5% Slight degradation Sand vegetation: () 5-15% √ Moderate degradation Shrub land: () 15-25% Severe degradation Grassland: () √ 25-40% Dry shoots phenomenon in artificial forest Meadow: () > 40% Mortality phenomenon in artificial forest √ Others: (Alpine meadow and shrub lands)
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表 Please select and fill in the relevant technical information according to the following technical classifications for specific technologies.
Technical link Key technical points Implementation season / month 1. Division of Grazing Land The first step is to divide the available grazing land into smaller paddocks or sections. This division can be based on natural boundaries, fencing, or other markers. The size and number of these sections depend on the total area available, the type of forage plants, and the number and type of livestock. 2. Grazing Schedule Livestock are moved from one paddock to another according to a planned schedule. This schedule is designed to allow grazed sections time to recover and regrow before being grazed again. The rotation pattern can be adjusted based on the growth rate of the forage, seasonal changes, and the nutritional needs of the livestock. 3. Water Management Adequate water supply is essential for both livestock and forage crops. Water management strategies may include developing water points within each paddock, rainwater harvesting, and ensuring that moving livestock does not lead to overuse of any single water source. 4. Monitoring and Adaptation Continuous monitoring of soil health, forage quality, and animal health is crucial. Based on this monitoring, adjustments may be made to the grazing schedule, the division of paddocks, or other management practices to improve sustainability. Schedule or attachment (with relevant technical parameters, add schedule or attachment information here)
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表
Labour cost 1000 USD / ha Cost of material 500 USD / ha Water cost (if irrigation is required) Total cost 1500 USD / ha
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